![]() ![]() There seem to be "cultural" differences between groups of chimpanzees in the variety of food taken and the techniques for processing it. Feeding is essentially an individual activity, but after a cooperative hunt may share morsels in response to begging by others. On rare occasions small game (monkeys, pigs, and antelope) is hunted. Animal prey makes up as much as five percent of the diet, with social insects, such as ants and termites, providing the largest amounts. In long dry seasons, buds and blossoms, soft pitch, stems, galls, honey, bark and resin, seeds and nuts are also eaten. Dietįeed on a wide variety of foodstuffs (over 80 different items have been cataloged) with the largest proportion consisting of fruit and young leaves. Males may travel up to 3 miles a day while females travel 2 miles. Humid forest, deciduous woodland or mixed savanna presence in open areas depends on access to evergreen fruit-producing forest Distribution As a chimpanzee ages, the hair on both sexes' faces and the males' backs will start to lighten and turn grey. A chimpanzee's arm span is 1.5 times that of their height which aids in knuckle-walking and climbing. They have opposable big toes, as well as thumbs, making them very well adapted to being in the treetops. Physical CharacteristicsĪpes, including chimpanzees, have color vision. Their arms are longer than their legs because of this behavior. Chimpanzees are "knuckle-walkers," who walk on all four limbs. Chimpanzees are covered in black fur, except for their palms, ears, faces, and soles of their feet which are pink to black bare skin. There are four subspecies of chimpanzee, which are mostly distinct by their geographic location. ![]() Great apes have complex social structures with varied and important communication. Humans are the only great apes without opposable big toes. The dental structure is the same for all great apes and well as the basic facial structure and large brain cavity. Great apes have no tail nor ischial callosities. A little bit of data suggests that with hepatitis C, you have less liver damage if you have ApoE4."įinch detailed these findings in the December issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition.The great ape family includes humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. "It might have some protective effects under some circumstances. "The puzzle is, if ApoE4 is so bad, why is it still present?" Finch asked. "Another benefit is that it promoted brain development."Ĭuriously, another more ancient variant of apolipoprotein E found in a lesser degree in all human populations is ApoE4, which is linked with high cholesterol, shortened lifespan and degeneration of the arteries and brain. "I suggest that it arose to lower the risk of degenerative disease from the high-fat meat diet they consumed," Finch told LiveScience. One variant found in all modern human populations, known as ApoE3, emerged roughly 250,000 years ago, "just before the final stage of evolution of Homo sapiens in Africa," Finch explained.ĪpoE3 lowers the risk of most aging diseases, specifically heart disease and Alzheimer's, and is linked with an increased lifespan. In response, humans apparently evolved unique variants in a cholesterol-transporting gene, apolipoprotein E, which regulates chronic inflammation as well as many aspects of aging in the brain and arteries. Over time, eating red meat, particularly raw flesh infected with parasites in the era before cooking, stimulates chronic inflammation, Finch explained. As our forerunners evolved, they became better at capturing and digesting meat, a valuable, high-energy food, by increasing brain and body size and reducing gut size. The oldest known stone tools manufactured by the ancestors of modern humans, which date back some 2.6 million years, apparently helped butcher animal bones. ![]()
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